Cigna Explanation of Benefits (EOB) Guide

Overview

A Cigna EOB is the document sent after a claim is processed, showing what was billed, what Cigna paid, and what the patient owes. The EOB is not a bill. It is a record of how the claim was adjudicated, including CARC codes, RARC codes, and payment adjustments.

Key Requirements

  1. EOBs are available electronically through the Cigna provider portal within 24 hours of adjudication.
  2. Paper EOBs arrive 5-7 business days after claim processing.
  3. Each line item shows: billed amount, allowed amount, Cigna payment, patient responsibility, and adjustment reason codes.
  4. CARC codes on the EOB explain why payment was adjusted or denied.
  5. RARC codes provide additional detail on the CARC reason.

Timeline

Day 1: Claim submitted. Days 2-14: Claim adjudicated (standard timeline). Day of adjudication: Electronic EOB available on portal. Days 5-7 post-adjudication: Paper EOB mailed. Within 180 days of EOB: deadline to appeal any denied or underpaid line items.

Common Denials

CARC Code Reason Primary Cause Fix
CO-45 Charges exceed fee schedule Billed above contracted rate Reference your Cigna contract fee schedule
PR-1 Deductible not met Patient has remaining deductible Collect deductible at time of service
CO-97 Benefit for this service included in another Service bundled with another code Review NCCI edits before billing

Appeals

If you disagree with the EOB, submit an appeal within 180 days from the denial or adjustment date. Include the EOB, clinical documentation, and a letter explaining the dispute. Submit through the Cigna provider portal or fax to the number listed on the EOB.

FAQ

Where do I find CARC codes on a Cigna EOB?

CARC codes appear in the Adjustment Reason column next to each line item. Common codes include CO-45 (fee schedule), PR-1 (deductible), and CO-97 (bundling). Each code links to a specific denial or adjustment reason.

How do I get electronic EOBs from Cigna?

Enroll in electronic remittance advice (ERA) through your clearinghouse or the Cigna provider portal. ERAs are delivered in the ANSI 835 format and post within 24 hours of adjudication.

What should I do if a Cigna EOB shows an underpayment?

Compare the allowed amount on the EOB against your Cigna contract rate. If underpaid, submit a payment dispute within 180 days. Include your contract rate schedule and the EOB showing the discrepancy.

Prevent These Denials

Altair reads EOB data automatically and flags underpayments and denial patterns across all payers.

Related Resources

This reference is current as of 2026-03-23. Payer policies change. Always verify against the payer's latest policy documentation.
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